Showing posts with label king of forest. Show all posts
Showing posts with label king of forest. Show all posts

Wednesday, 9 March 2016

Lion

Lion




                   The lion is one of the five big cats in the genus Panthera and a member of the family Felidae. The commonly used term African lion collectively denotes the several subspecies found in Africa. For all of their roaring, growling, and ferociousness, lions are family animals and truly social in their own communities. They usually live in groups of 15 or more animals called prides. Prides can be as small as 3 or as big as 40 animals. In a pride, lions hunt prey, raise cubs, and defend their territory together. In prides the females do most of the hunting and cub rearing. Usually all the lionesses in the pride are related—mothers, daughters, grandmothers, and sisters. Many of the females in the pride give birth at about the same time. A cub may nurse from other females as well as its mother. Each pride generally will have no more than two adult males.


Common name: Lion
Scientific name: Panthera leo
Higher classification: Roaring cats
Conservation status: Vulnerable (Population decreasing)
Mass: Male: 190 kg (Adult), Female: 130 kg (Adult)
Height: Male: 1.2 m (Adult, At Shoulder), Female: 1.1 m (Adult, At Shoulder).

Bite force :  PSI: 691


Characteristics:

Weight: Males 150-250 kg and females 120-180 kg.

Length: Males 170-250 cm and females 140-175 cm.

Longevity: Free lions 15 and 20 years and captivity lions 20- 30 years.

Habitat: Savanna.

Population: The lions are disapearing. The most lions live in Africa and Asia, or in national parks and reserves. The best known are Etosha National Park (Namibia), Serengeti National Park (Tanzania) and the Kruger National Park (South Africa).

Feeding: Lions are carnivores. They need to hunt for food. Lions eat primarily herbivorous mammals such as zebras, gazelles, wild boar, wildebeest, giraffes, impalas, buffalo and deer, depends on the area where they live.

Reproduction: The gestation has 110 days. Lion cubs are born blind and can not see until a week passes. They weigh 1200-2100 grams.



Relationships:

Intraespecific:

Lions are very family. They live in groups from 3 to 40 animals.

An adult male is the leader and the rest are females and young puppies male descendants of the leader. In a herd all lionesses are mothers, daughters, grandmothers and sisters and the lionesses of other herbs are considered intrusive. The famale lionesses give birth to their pups at the same time (3-4 lioness) for help with raising children.

When the male cub gets older must leave the group and if the male becomes leader, it kills all the cubs of the pack to eliminate his predecessor and ensure that all puppies have their own genes.





                                                                                         The males lions in a herd defends the territory.

The lion is a calm animal that spends more than 20 hours a day resting. They are very social animals and showing affection. In addition to the ferocious roar and growl also they purr to communicate.

Interspecific:

Lions relationship with other animals is that they are predators.
The lionesses hunt and the males defend the territory.
Lionsses hunt at night or early morning. As the lion is not a very fast or stays very still waiting for its prey distracted or hiding in bushes to attack by surprise animal.

Depending on their prey lions kill biting, strangulation, or even with a kick.
Although females go hunting the male lion is always the first to eat and what he is left will be for the lionesses.




                                                                                                    The lion is endangered and they are inside the red list of the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature). The reason is their habitat destruction, people are making their homes in areas of agriculture and livestock and are invading their territory, the hunting because the skin and flesh are valuable and humans kill them because they are afraid they kill their livestock or themselves.



Fun facts:

*Female lionesses hunt because the male lions can not hide their hair.

*A lion can be between 5-6 days without drinking.

*The roar of a lion can be heard at 8 km away.

*They eat 7 kilograms of meat per day for males and 5 females.

*They can run up to 58 kilometres per hour but are considered slow.

*In South Africa there is a type of white lion.



Other fun facts:

# Why the lion is the king of the jungle: In the Holy Bible the lion was the animal of kings and is a symbol of Christ. It becomes part of the attire of gentlemen. It is the most common animal in the banners and shields of knight of the Middle Ages.

# In the past many people thought that eating meat lion was more courageous.

# The lion has been represented in painting, literature and actualy in cinema the lion usually represents the courage and strength. For example the Cowardly Lion from The Wizard of Oz is convinced that is not brave and ask the magician that value.

# Disney Lion King was the first film in which no human does not appear.
Simba is a Swahili word of lion and its means king, strong, and aggressive.

Tiger

Tiger 







Scientific Name: Panthera tigris
Conservation status: Endangered (Population decreasing)
Higher classification: Roaring cats
Lifespan: 20 – 26 years (In captivity)
Speed: 49 – 65 km/h (Adult, In Short Bursts)
Mass: Male: 90 – 310 kg (Adult), Female: 65 – 170 kg (Adult) .


Bite force : Siberian tiger PSI: 950, Bengal Tiger PSI: 1,050

                 

The heaviest known Bengal was 388.7 kg (857 lbs).

                                                                                           The largest wild cat on earth, and the largest member of the Felidae (cat) family, is the tiger. Tigers are an Endangered species. In addition to having lost over 90% of their original habitat, they have been aggressively hunted and poached. The current population of tigers in the world is believed to be between 3,000 and 4,000. Tiger “farms” currently exist in Asia and Africa, where they are being bred for body parts.




Physical Appearance





Tigers are known for their black stripes. Their fur varies in color from white to golden. A white tiger is not an albino. Their white appearance is the result of a genetic variation – a recessive gene. White tigers are either pure or part Bengal tiger, and usually bred in zoos. It is rare to see a white tiger in the wild. They do not live as long as golden-colored tigers and many have crossed eyes.







Male Siberian tigers can grow up to 12 ft. long and weigh as much as 675 lbs. Female tigers are between 6.5 to 9 feet long and weigh between 140 to 370 lbs. A tiger’s tale is 2 and 3.6 ft. in length.



Range

Tigers could once be found throughout Asia. During the past 100 years, their numbers have plummeted from approximately 100,000 to less than 4,000. Within the past 15 to 20 years, their range has also decreased by over 40%. Many tigers live in the forest, but you can also find them in grasslands and places where there are hills and rocks. They are also excellent swimmers and like being near water. Tigers generally lead solitary lives in established territories, although they are also considered “social.”

The largest population of wild tigers is in India.



Hunting & Prey

Tigers have been seen hunting during the day and night. They prefer medium to large hoofed animals such as deer, boar and buffalo. They will also eat domestic livestock, and on occasion leopards, dogs, crocodiles and bears A tiger will also eat vegetation from time to time.


Reproduction

Males and females will typically mate from November to April. There are generally 2 to 3 cubs in a tiger litter, with a range of 1 to 6. Cubs will usually stay with their mother until they are 2 to 2 ½ years old. Tigers live between 20 and 26 years, both in captivity and in the wild.



Conservation Issues

The tiger has been hunted relentlessly for its skin and body parts. Most black marketers involved in the tiger parts trade are based in China. There are also “farms’ where the tigers are being bred for their parts. It is estimated that there are between 5,000 and 10,000 tigers currently living on these farms – more than the current wild tiger population.


Classification/taxonomy



Nine subspecies of tiger are recognized; however, three of them are extinct, according to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).

The taxonomy of tigers, according to ITIS, is:

Kingdom: Animalia
Subkingdom: Bilateria
Infrakingdom: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclass: Tetrapoda
Class: Mammalia
Subclass: Theria
Infraclass: Eutheria
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae
Subfamily: Pantherinae
Genus & species: Panthera tigris


Subspecies:


Panthera tigris altaica (Siberian tiger, Amur tiger)
Panthera tigris amoyensis (South China tiger)
Panthera tigris balica (Bali tiger, Balinese tiger)
Panthera tigris corbetti (Corbett's tiger, Indochinese tiger, Indo-Chinese tiger)
Panthera tigris jacksoni (Malayan tiger)
Panthera tigris sondaica (Javan tiger)
Panthera tigris sumatrae (Sumatran tiger)
Panthera tigris tigris (Bengal tiger)
Panthera tigris virgata (Caspian tiger)



Three subspecies are now extinct:

Bali tiger (Panthera t. balica)
Javan tiger (Panthera t. sondaica)
Caspian tiger (Panthera t. virgata)


The Javan tiger was last recorded in the 1970s, the Caspian tiger was lost in the 1950s, and the Bali tiger became extinct in the 1930s, according to Panthera, a wild cat conservation organization.



Other facts



Tigers are fantastic swimmers. They can forge rivers and lakes that are 3.7 to 5 miles (6 to 8 km) wide, according to Woodland Park Zoo.

Lions and tigers are closely related. If you shaved them you wouldn't be able to tell them apart because their body structure is so similar, according to the Smithsonian National Zoo.

Their teeth can be very long, as well. Some tigers have teeth as long as 3 inches (7 cm).



Sunday, 28 February 2016

King of forest ( Big cats )

Big cats




The term big cat, while not a biological classification, is used informally to distinguish the larger field species from smaller ones.“Big cats” is a term commonly used in reference to large wild cats. The list of big cats  includes the different types of big cats worldwide, from tigers (the largest big cats) to clouded leopards (the smallest big cats).

The big cat species addressed in these regulations are the lion, tiger, leopard (snow leopard, clouded leopard ), cheetah, jaguar, cougar, and any hybrid combination any of these species that results from breeding of these big cats.


Top 5 big cats


            The biggest, largest and most heavy cat is definitely the tiger, especially the Siberian Tiger. Weighing just under a thousand! pounds (425kg), these giants roam the snowy plains of Russia. There are only about 350 Siberian tigers alive today.

They average about 80 inch (2 meters) long. And check this out: Black bears are this tiger’s dinner. Yeah that’s right, the massive black bear is a snack to this cat. This big kitten earns our number one spot and then some!



           Ask a random person what’s the biggest wild cat and they will probably answer with Lion. And a very logical assumption, although incorrect. But lions are the most famous wild cats, mainly thanks to Hollywood movies and especially since The Lion King. 

They can weigh up to 550 pounds (250kg) and they can be found in parts of Africa. There are 12 different subspecies (breeds if you will) of lions. Although the lion is not our number 1 big cat, it is the tallest.

And of all the big cats, only in lions is the difference between males and females so obvious. The male has the distinctive thick mane, the female (lioness) doesn’t have it. Even though the males get bigger, the female lions do all the hunting.


               The Jaguar is our number 3! Did you know you can also call a jaguar a panther and still be correct? That’s because panther comes from Panthera, a family classification of big cats including the jaguar and the leopard. 

Jaguars can be found in parts of the continent America. This beautiful big cat’s number are still declining, but efforts are being made to preserve this beautiful wild cat.



                                        The James Bond of the big cats, the cougar has many identities. Its known as Cougar, Mountain Lion, Puma, Panther and Catamount. A cougar can get about as big as an adult human. Cougars can be found on the continent of America.

There are many urban legends about cougars attacking humans, but most are not true. In about one hundred years there have been 53 reported attacks, and about 10 fatalities. Cougars do not see humans as prey and try to avoid human contact.

                                           What’s this? Two cats sharing one spot? Nope, it’s the same species. The black panther is a leopard with a black coat. Its caused by melanism, a color variation that also appears with jaguars. Matter of fact, the Leopard and the Jaguar have more in common, they are very alike in appearance, except that the Jaguar is the Leopard big brother.

The Leopard has the largest tail among the wild cats. Their tail can get up to 43 inch (110cm) long. Leopards will eat about anything, from beetles to birds to monkeys and even elands.

This is in the advantage of the Leopard, because bigger predators will fight them for their prey. The Leopard will wisely walk away from any fight it knows it will lose, and simply choose a prey that the other predator won’t eat.


Classifications


Big Cats


Small Wild Cats

African Golden Cat
Andean Mountain Cat
Asian | Asiatic Golden Cat
Black-footed Cat
Bobcat
Bornean Bay Cat
Canada Lynx
Caracal
Chinese Mountain Cat | Chinese Desert Cat
Eurasian Lynx
Fishing Cat
Flat-headed Cat
Geoffroy’s Cat
Iberian Lynx
Iriomote Cat
Jaguarundi
Jungle Cat
Kodkod | Guina
Leopard Cat
Lynx
Marbled Cat
Margay
Ocelot
Oncilla | Little Spotted Cat
Pallas’ Cat
Pampas Cat
Rusty-spotted Cat
Sand Cat
Scottish Wildcat
Serval
African Wildcat
Asiatic Wildcat
European Wildcat